Extraction of Germinated Seeds by Conventional and Modern Methods

The germination process of whole seeds activates and multiplies the composition amino acids, antioxidants, vitamins, proteins, enzymes, sugars, decreases phytate protease inhibitors concentrations. Furthermore, contributes to improved digestibility plant proteins; conversion carbohydrates simpler forms for easy assimilation; bioavailability minerals; freeing up minerals absorption; an increase beneficial enzymes. aim this paper was perform extraction alfalfa germinated using conventional modern methods purpose physical-chemical characterization. carried out by several methods, namely (hydro-alcoholic autoclave extraction) (ultrasound-assisted methods. For each method, following parameters have been set: solvent/substrate ratio, temperature, reaction time. Hydro-alcoholic performed according method described Piantino et al. (2008) with minor modifications [1]. were as follows: ethanol:water ratio 70:30 v/v, time 24 h, at room stirred 150 rpm. Autoclave Maurizio D’Auria (2021) temperature (121 °C), pressure (1 bar), (15 min) [2]. Ultrasound-assisted Ahmad Shehta (2020) [3]. 70% ethanol, substrat:solvent 1:10, 10, 20, 30 min, in ultrasonic bath. proximate chemical analysis extract performed, which refers water content, total nitrogen, crude protein, carbohydrates, ash, both macro micro elements standard Following comparative preliminary results obtained four extracts, ultrasound-assisted selected. mean percentage compounds was: moisture (at 105 °C) 78.2 ± 0.48%, protein 23 1%, ash 550 3.09 0.004%. extracts served basis selection method. Conventional require a long use solvents high costs. interest is growing due reduced solvent volume involved accuracy obtained.